[Q]
現在起動している X server についての情報を知りたいのですが

[A]
xdpyinfo ではいかがでしょうか?

試しに僕のところで実行した結果はこんな感じです。
必要な情報は得られそうですか?
% xdpyinfo
name of display:    compaku.riken.go.jp:10.0
version number:    11.0
vendor string:    The XFree86 Project, Inc
vendor release number:    3320
maximum request size:  4194300 bytes
motion buffer size:  256
bitmap unit, bit order, padding:    32, LSBFirst, 32
image byte order:    LSBFirst
number of supported pixmap formats:    2
supported pixmap formats:
    depth 1, bits_per_pixel 1, scanline_pad 32
    depth 24, bits_per_pixel 24, scanline_pad 32
keycode range:    minimum 8, maximum 134
focus:  window 0x540000d, revert to Parent
number of extensions:    18
    BIG-REQUESTS
    DOUBLE-BUFFER
    DPMS
    LBX
    MIT-SCREEN-SAVER
    MIT-SHM
    MIT-SUNDRY-NONSTANDARD
    RECORD
    SECURITY
    SHAPE
    SYNC
    XC-APPGROUP
    XC-MISC
    XFree86-DGA
    XFree86-Misc
    XFree86-VidModeExtension
    XInputExtension
    XTEST
default screen number:    0
number of screens:    1

screen #0:
  dimensions:    1024x768 pixels (347x260 millimeters)
  resolution:    75x75 dots per inch
  depths (1):    24
  root window id:    0x26
  depth of root window:    24 planes
  number of colormaps:    minimum 1, maximum 1
  default colormap:    0x23
  default number of colormap cells:    256
  preallocated pixels:    black 0, white 16777215
  options:    backing-store YES, save-unders YES
  largest cursor:    64x64
  current input event mask:    0x58003d
    KeyPressMask             ButtonPressMask          ButtonReleaseMask        
    EnterWindowMask          LeaveWindowMask          SubstructureNotifyMask   
    SubstructureRedirectMask PropertyChangeMask       
  number of visuals:    1
  default visual id:  0x22
  visual:
    visual id:    0x22
    class:    TrueColor
    depth:    24 planes
    available colormap entries:    256 per subfield
    red, green, blue masks:    0xff0000, 0xff00, 0xff
    significant bits in color specification:    8 bits



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